Dark green flowering spikelets in June and July mature to dark brown/black - the attractive seed heads persisting into fall, arching leaves up to 0.75 inch wide and 1.5 foot long with rough margins alternate up the stems, tolerates periodic to regular inundation in water up to 1 foot deep, salt tolerant, good rain garden plant, spreads by seed and rhizomes forming colonies, fibrous roots are good for erosion control, clay and sand tolerant, a large plant that needs room to spread, provides cover for birds and muskrats, various wetland birds eat the seeds.
4-5 foot tall
Plant Hardiness Zones: 3b-8a
Perennial
Deer Resistant
Native Range: Newfoundland across NB, s QC & ON, & as far west as MT, south to GA, TX, & AZ
Germination - Easy: Cold stratify 8 weeks
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